Digital Currencies and Financial Policy The rapid advancement of digital technologies is revolutionizing financial systems worldwide, transforming how money is created, stored, and exchanged. Among the most impactful innovations in this sphere is digital currency—a development that challenges traditional paradigms of finance and monetary policy. In India, Finance Minister Nirmala Sithar...

Beti Bachao, Beti Padhao: A Decade of Transformation in Girls’ Education When the Government of India launched the Beti Bachao, Beti Padhao (BBBP) scheme in 2015, it was more than just a program. It symbolized a national commitment to correct gender imbalance, protect the girl child, and empower her through education. Now, after a decade, the scheme reflects not only measurable improv...

Artificial Intelligence and India’s Global Race   Artificial Intelligence (AI) has rapidly transformed from a futuristic concept into a defining force of the 21st century. Nations across the globe are racing to harness AI to secure economic competitiveness, military advantage, and social progress. India, with its vast population, digital infrastructure, and expanding technological...

Assessing India’s Water Quality Challenge India’s rivers have always been central to its civilization, economy, and ecology. They provide drinking water, irrigation, hydroelectric power, and sustain biodiversity. However, rapid urbanization, unchecked industrial growth, and inadequate sewage treatment have severely affected river water quality. To monitor these challenges, the C...

The Kurmis: A Community’s Struggle for Recognition The Kurmi community, spread across eastern India in states such as West Bengal, Jharkhand, Odisha, and Bihar, has once again intensified its demand for Scheduled Tribe (ST) status and the inclusion of the Kurmali language in the Eighth Schedule of the Constitution. While they are currently listed as Other Backward Classes (OBCs) in most r...

Pakistan-Saudi Arabia Strategic Mutual Defence Agreement 2025 On September 17, 2025, Pakistan and Saudi Arabia entered a new era of strategic cooperation by signing the Strategic Mutual Defence Agreement (SMDA) during Prime Minister Shehbaz Sharif’s official visit to Riyadh. This accord signifies a critical turning point in regional security architecture, linking Pakistan’s mili...

India–Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU) Free Trade Agreement (FTA) India is currently engaged in active discussions with the Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU) to finalize a Free Trade Agreement (FTA). The EAEU is a regional economic bloc consisting of Russia, Belarus, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, and Armenia. With India seeking to diversify its trade partners and strengthen economic linkages wi...

Swadeshi Solar Cells: India’s Path to Indigenous Solar Manufacturing by 2028   India is ambitiously moving towards a fully indigenous solar manufacturing ecosystem by 2028. Recently announced by the Union Minister for New and Renewable Energy, this initiative aims to establish a comprehensive solar manufacturing value chain—from solar modules and cells to wafers and ingots&m...

Maternal Mortality in India: Trends, Causes, and Government Initiatives Introduction Maternal health is a critical indicator of a country’s overall healthcare system and societal well-being. The maternal mortality rate (MMR) measures the number of maternal deaths per 100,000 live births caused by complications during pregnancy and childbirth. Globally, maternal mortality remains a pres...

GST Reforms 2025: Streamlining India’s Indirect Tax System for Greater Simplicity and Efficiency India’s Goods and Services Tax (GST), introduced in 2017, was a landmark reform designed to unify multiple indirect taxes under one umbrella and create a seamless tax system branded as “One Nation, One Tax.” Nearly eight years after its implementation, the GST Council has...