Parkinson’s Disease

02.08.2024

Parkinson’s Disease

Why in the news?      

            Researchers recently said that a higher-than-expected prevalence of gene mutations in Parkinson's disease patients indicates that genetic testing should be offered to them more broadly.

About Parkinson’s Disease:

• It is a progressive neurological disorder that affects the nervous system and the parts of the body controlled by the nerves.
• It is a condition in which a patient has limited or no control over his movements and body balance.
• The risk of developing Parkinson’s disease naturally increases with age, and the average age at which it starts is 60 years old.
• Many studies have suggested that men are more likely to be affected by Parkinson’s than women.

Cause of the disease:

• It is caused by the degeneration of nerve cells in the part of the brain called the substantia nigra, which controls movement.
• These nerve cells die or become impaired, losing the ability to produce an important chemical called dopamine.
• Dopamine operates with other neurotransmitters to help coordinate the millions of nerve and muscle cells involved in the movement.
• Lack of dopamine causes the slowed movements and tremors symptoms of Parkinson's disease.

Symptoms of the disease:

• Parkinson's disease symptoms can be different for everyone.
• Early symptoms may be mild and go unnoticed.
• Symptoms often begin on one side of the body and usually remain worse on that side.

Parkinson's symptoms may include:

○Tremors (trembling in the hands, arms, legs, and jaw); rigidity (stiffness of the limbs); slowness of movement; and impaired balance and coordination.

○Patients may also experience other symptoms such as difficulty in swallowing, chewing, and speaking, urinary problems, constipation, skin problems, depression, emotional changes, and sleep disruption.

• Diagnosis: Currently, no blood laboratory or radiological tests are available to diagnose Parkinson’s disease.
• Treatment: There's no cure for this disease, but treatments can help significantly improve your symptoms.

                                                            Source: The Hindu

Ques :- Consider the following statements regarding Parkinson’s Disease:

Statement-I

 It is a progressive neurological disorder that affects the nervous system.

Statement-II

Women are more likely to be affected by Parkinson’s than men.

Which one of the following is correct in respect of the above statements?

A.Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct, and Statement-II is the correct explanation for Statement-I.

B.Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct, and Statement-II is not the correct explanation for Statement-I.

C.Statement-I is correct, but Statement-II is incorrect.

D.Statement-I is incorrect, but Statement-II is correct.

Answer C