Recombinant Proteins

01.06.2024

Recombinant Proteins

Why in the news?                        

          Researchers at the Department of Biochemistry, Indian Institute of Science, have developed a novel method for the production of recombinant proteins.

About Recombinant Proteins:

• These are proteins encoded by recombinant DNA that have been cloned in an expression vector that supports the expression of the gene and translation of messenger RNA.
• Modification of the gene by recombinant DNA technology can lead to the expression of a mutant protein.
• It is a manipulated form of native protein, which is generated in various ways in order to increase the production of proteins, modify gene sequences and manufacture useful commercial products.
• It is created by fusing sequences that may not be normally present in an organism.
• Recombinant proteins, such as vaccine antigens, insulin and monoclonal antibodies, are mass-produced by growing modified bacterial, viral or mammalian cells in large bioreactors. The most widely used organism is the yeast Pichia pastoris (now called Komagataella phaffii).
• It contains a unique promoter of a specific gene region which can be activated by methanol.
• This promoter codes for an enzyme called alcohol oxidase (AOX),

Application of Recombinant Proteins

• It is used in biomedical research to understand health and disease.
• It is used in Biotherapeutics.
• It is used to produce protein-based polymers for drug delivery, antibodies and enzymes for disease treatment, protein scaffolds for tissue engineering etc.

What is protein?

• It is the workhorse in biological systems facilitating most of biological processes in a cell, including gene expression, cell growth, proliferation, nutrient uptake, intercellular communication and apoptosis.
• The blueprint for protein synthesis is stored in DNA, which serves as a template for highly regulated transcriptional processes to produce messenger RNA (mRNA).

                                                       Source: The Hindu

Ques :- Consider the following statements with reference to the Recombinant Proteins:

Statement-I

It is a manipulated form of native protein, which is generated in various ways to increase production of proteins.

Statement-II

It is used to produce protein-based polymers for drug delivery.

Which one of the following is correct in respect of the above statements?

A.Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct, and Statement-II is the correct explanation for Statement-I.

B.Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct, and Statement-II is not the correct explanation for Statement-I.

C.Statement-I is correct, but Statement-II is incorrect.

D.Statement-I is incorrect, but Statement-II is correct.

Answer A