Vehicle-to-Grid (V2G) Technology

19.04.2025

Vehicle-to-Grid (V2G) Technology

Why in the news?   

            Recently, the Kerala State Electricity Board (KSEB), in partnership with IIT Bombay, has launched a pilot V2G project to test its feasibility in the state.

What is Vehicle-to-Grid (V2G) Technology?

• Vehicle-to-Grid (V2G) is a set of technologies that enable Electric Vehicles (EVs) to send stored electricity back to the power grid when they are not in use.
• When an EV is idle and connected via a bi-directional charger, it can act as a decentralised battery energy storage system, contributing electricity to the grid.
• V2G supports both charging (Grid to Vehicle – G2V) and discharging (Vehicle to Grid – V2G) of EV batteries, creating a two-way energy flow.
• During charging, EV batteries act as a load on the grid, which can be managed using tools like Time of Use (ToU) tariffs and smart charging to reduce stress during peak hours.
• During discharging, EV batteries serve as distributed energy sources, providing electricity during peak demand periods or when renewable energy (RE) is low.
• V2G is part of a broader framework including Vehicle to Home (V2H) and Vehicle to Vehicle (V2V) applications, but V2G is the most widely explored use case.

How V2G Works?

V2G involves two key processes:

• Grid-to-Vehicle (G2V): Power flows from the grid to charge the EV.
• Vehicle-to-Grid (V2G): The EV discharges stored energy back into the grid when needed.

Broader Applications

• While V2G is the most prominent, EV batteries can also support:
• Vehicle-to-Home (V2H) for powering household devices
• Vehicle-to-Vehicle (V2V) energy transfers between EVs

                               Source: The Hindu

Which Indian state has recently launched a pilot Vehicle-to-Grid (V2G) project in collaboration with IIT Bombay to test its feasibility?

A.Tamil Nadu

B.Maharashtra

C.Kerala

D.Gujarat

Answer C