World's Oldest Impact Crater

10.03.2025

World's Oldest Impact Crater

Why in the news?                        

Scientists in Australia have discovered the world's oldest known meteorite impact crater in northwestern Australia, estimated to be 3.47 billion years old.

About World's Oldest Impact Crater:

• Scientists in Australia have identified what they believe to be the world's oldest known meteorite impact crater, a finding that could reshape understanding of Earth's history and the origins of life.
• The crater, discovered in the remote North Pole dome region in northwestern Australia, is estimated to be 3.47 billion years old—more than a billion years older than any previously known impact site.
• The crater, named the North Pole Crater, was likely formed by a meteorite striking Earth at more than 36,000 kilometres per hour, creating an impact site over 100 kilometres wide. The collision may have sent debris flying across the planet, with molten droplets possibly landing as far away as South Africa.
• This discovery challenges previous assumptions about Earth's ancient history and suggests that such impacts may have contributed to the origins of life by creating environments suitable for microbial activity.

What is an Impact Crater?

• An impact crater forms when a fast-moving asteroid or meteorite crashes into a planet or moon.
• The impact is so powerful that it vaporizes the object, creating shockwaves that melt and reshape the ground, leaving a large circular hole with scattered rocks.
• Examples: Barringer Crater, Tycho Crater, etc.

                                                           Source: The Times of India

World’s oldest known meteorite impact crater has been discovered in

A.South America

B.Asia

C.Australia

D.Europe

Answer C