Antarctic Treaty Consultative Meeting
10.05.2024
Antarctic Treaty Consultative Meeting
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For Prelims: About Antarctic Treaty Consultative Meeting, Key facts about the Antarctic Treaty, Provisions of the treaty |
Why in the news?
The 46th Antarctic Treaty Consultative Meeting (ATCM) and the 26th Meeting of the Committee for Environment Protection (CEP) will be held in Kochi from May 20-30.
About Antarctic Treaty Consultative Meeting:
- It is pivotal in the international community's ongoing efforts to safeguard Antarctica's fragile ecosystem and promote scientific research in the region.
- It is convened annually under the Antarctic Treaty System, these meetings serve as forums for Antarctic Treaty Consultative Parties and other stakeholders to address Antarctica's pressing environmental, scientific, and governance issues.
What is the CEP?
- It was established under the Protocol on Environmental Protection to the Antarctic Treaty (the Madrid Protocol) in 1991.
- The CEP advises the ATCM on environmental protection and conservation in Antarctica.
Key facts about the Antarctic Treaty:
- It was signed in 1959 and entered into force in 1961.
- It established Antarctica as a region dedicated to peaceful purposes, scientific cooperation, and environmental protection. Over the years, the Treaty has garnered widespread support, with 56 countries currently party to it.
- India has been a Consultative Party to the Antarctic Treaty since 1983.
- It participates in the decision-making process along with 28 other Consultative Parties to the Antarctic Treaty.
○India’s first Antarctic research station, Dakshin Gangotri, was established in 1983.
○At present, India operates two year-round research stations: Maitri (1989) and Bharati (2012).
○The permanent research stations facilitate Indian Scientific Expeditions to Antarctica, which have been ongoing annually since 1981.
○In 2022, India enacted the Antarctic Act, reaffirming its commitment to the Antarctic Treaty.
- The Antarctic Treaty Secretariat (ATS) serves as the administrative hub for the Antarctic Treaty System.
- ATS was established in 2004 and coordinates the ATCM and CEP meetings, deposits and disseminates information, and facilitates diplomatic communication, exchanges, and negotiations related to Antarctic governance and management.
Provisions of the treaty:
○Antarctica shall be used for peaceful purposes only.
○Freedom of scientific investigation in Antarctica and cooperation toward that end… shall continue.
○Scientific observations and results from Antarctica shall be exchanged and made freely available.
Source: Indian Express
With reference to Antarctic Treaty Consultative Meeting (ATCM), consider the following statements:
1. It safeguards Antarctica's fragile ecosystem and promotes scientific research in the region.
2. It is a biennial meeting held under the Antarctic Treaty System.
3. It is advised by the Committee for Environment Protection on environmental conservation in Antarctica.
How many of the above statements are correct?
A.Only one
B.Only two
C.All three
D.None
Answer B