Diatoms

22.06.2024

Diatoms

Why in the news?   

Researchers have discovered a new genus of the Gomphonemoid diatom found in the clean water river of the Eastern Ghats and it has been named Indiconema to value its restricted distribution in the country.

About Diatoms:

• These are photosynthetic, single celled organisms.
• These are microscopic algae and serve as a base of the aquatic food chain. Due to their sensitivity towards any water chemistry changes, they are excellent indicators of aquatic health.
• They are a major group of algae and form one of the most common forms of phytoplankton.
• Habitat: They are found in almost every aquatic environment including fresh and marine waters.
• Diatoms have cell walls made of silica, Each species has a distinct pattern of tiny holes in the cell wall (frustule) through which they absorb nutrients and get rid of waste.
• Collectively, they are responsible for generating up to 50% of the oxygen produced globally each year.

Key facts about Indiconema

• It differs in having a pore field at both the head and foot pole rather than having only at the foot pole.
• Researchers reported one species of Indiconema from the Eastern Ghats and another from the Western Ghats. A similar pattern of sharing endemic elements between two mountain systems has been observed for other endemic-rich groups, such as reptiles.
• Based on the morphological features of this group, the researchers have suggested that Indiconema is sister to Afro Cymbella, a genus endemic to East Africa.

                                                                        Source: PIB

Ques :- Consider the following statements regarding the Diatoms:

1.These are photosynthetic, multi celled organisms

2.They are found in almost every aquatic environment including fresh and marine waters.

3.They are a major group of algae and form one of the most common forms of phytoplankton.

How many of the statements given above is/are correct?

 a) Only one

 b) Only two

 c) All three

 d) None

Answer B