Grey Zone Warfare
05.03.2024
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For Prelims:About Grey Zone Warfare |
Why in the news?
On the last day of the 2024 Raisina Dialogue , India’s Chief of Defence Staff General Anil Chauhan said that “grey zone warfare” is the latest in informal warfare.
About Grey Zone Warfare:
- Grey zone warfare generally means a middle, unclear space that exists between direct conflict and peace in international relations.
- It can be broadly defined as the exploitation of operational space between peace and war to change the status quo through the use of coercive actions which remain below a threshold that, in most cases, would prompt a conventional military response.
- Activities characterized as grey zone warfare methods range from the use of proxies for kinetic action or change of territorial status quo through coercion to non-kinetic subversive actions such as cyberattacks, economic coercion, disinformation campaign, election meddling, and more recently, weaponization of migrants.
- There are typical aspects that tend to be present in most grey zone warfare activities.
○The first is that grey zone elements remain below the threshold that would justify a military response, often through the use of non-military tools.
○The second common characteristic of grey zone activities is that they unfold gradually over time rather than involving bold, all-encompassing actions to achieve objectives in one step.
○The third characteristic, which applies to some but not all the activities in this sphere, is a lack of attributability. Most grey zone campaigns involve actions, whereby the aggressor aims for plausible deniability of its action.
○In cases where grey zone actions are open and attributable, they are justified using extensive legal and political arguments. In addition, aggressors also recruit other countries to their point of view.
○Grey zone campaigns target specific vulnerabilities in the targeted countries.
Source: Indian Express