Streptococcal Toxic Shock Syndrome (STSS)

20.06.2024

Streptococcal Toxic Shock Syndrome (STSS)

Why in the news?                        

Recently, health officials in Japan are on high alert after close to 1,000 cases of a deadly infection were reported across the country. The disease, known as Streptococcal Toxic Shock Syndrome (STSS).

About Streptococcal Toxic Shock Syndrome (STSS):

• It is a rare but severe bacterial infection caused by group A Streptococcus bacteria.
• It occurs when these bacteria enter deep tissues and the bloodstream, releasing toxins that cause a rapid and dangerous response in the body.

Symptoms

• It starts with initial symptoms like fever, chills, muscle aches, nausea and vomiting. Within 24 to 48 hours, it can lead to low blood pressure, organ failure, rapid heart rate and fast breathing.
• Group A Streptococcus (GAS) usually causes strep throat in children, but in adults it can lead to serious symptoms like limb pain, swelling, fever and low blood pressure.
• This can quickly worsen to tissue death, breathing problems, organ failure and sometimes death, especially in people over 50.

How does it spread?

• It can be quite contagious and can spread the bacteria to others through respiratory droplets or direct contact.
• Group A strep bacteria can also spread through food, if it is not handled properly.

Prevention

• Preventing STSS involves practicing good hygiene, like washing hands regularly and covering your mouth while you cough and sneeze.

                                                       Source: India Today

Ques :- With reference to Streptococcal Toxic Shock Syndrome, consider the following statements:

1. It is a severe bacterial infection.

2. It can be contagious and spread to others through respiratory droplets.

3. It does not affect children as they are immune to such disease.

How many of the above statements are correct?

A.One only

B.Two only

C.All three

D.None

Answer B