Sudan Virus Disease

15.02.2025

Sudan Virus Disease

Why in the news?                        

           Recently, the Ugandan government and the World Health Organization confirmed an outbreak of Sudan virus disease.

About Sudan Virus Disease:

• It is a viral hemorrhagic fever disease, belonging to the same family as Ebola virus disease.
• It was first identified in southern Sudan in June 1976.
• It is caused by Sudan virus (SUDV). SUDV is enzootic and present in animal reservoirs in the region.
• It is a severe disease with high case fatality.
• Transmission: Person-to-person transmission occurs by direct contact with blood, other bodily fluids, organs, or contaminated surfaces and materials with risk beginning at the onset of clinical signs and increasing with disease severity.
• Treatment:  There are no approved treatments or vaccines for Sudan virus, but early initiation of supportive treatment has been shown to significantly improve health conditions.

Symptoms of the Disease:

• It is typically characterized by acute onset of fever with non-specific symptoms/signs (e.g., abdominal pain, anorexia, fatigue, malaise, myalgia, sore throat) usually followed several days later by nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea, and occasionally a variable rash. Hiccups may occur.
• Severe illness may include hemorrhagic manifestations (e.g., bleeding from puncture sites, ecchymoses, petechiae, visceral effusions), encephalopathy, shock/hypotension, multi-organ failure

                                                           Source: Down to earth

Consider the following statements regarding the Sudan Virus Disease:

Statement-I: It is a viral hemorrhagic fever disease, belonging to the same family as Ebola virus disease.

Statement-II It cannot transfer from person-to-person even after direct contact with an infected patient’s blood.

Which one of the following is correct in respect of the above statements?

A.Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct, and Statement-II is the correct explanation for Statement-I.

B.Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct, and Statement-II is not the correct explanation for Statement-I.

C.Statement-I is correct, but Statement-II is incorrect.

D.Statement-I is incorrect, but Statement-II is correct.

Answer C